“於我來講，尼采幾近就是智慧之神透特 翻譯化身...”——《克勞利的自白》，第76篇
“The Book [of the Law] announces a new dichotomy in human society; there is the master and there is the slave; the noble and the serf; the “lone wolf” and the herd. [The “Master” roughly denotes the able, the adventurous 翻譯公司 welcoming responsibility. The “slave:” his motto is “Safety first,” with all that this implies. Race, birth, breeding etc. are important but not absolutely essential factors] (Nietzsche may be regarded as one of our prophets…)” —Magick Without Tears 翻譯公司 ch.48
The Nietzschean Standpoint in Thelemic Writings
在《沒有眼淚 翻譯魔法》中，克勞利描述了三間魔法學院 翻譯社他引述《律法》和尼采的話來界說所謂的白色學院，並且將二者親密聯繫在一路：
“Read Nietzsche!” –“The Ordeal of Ida Pendragon” from The Equinox I:6
“去讀尼采！”——阿萊斯特・克勞利
Friedrich Nietzsche was born on October 15, 1844 in Roecken bei Luetzen near Leipzig in Germany. Around when Nietzsche was five, his father and brother both died within 6 months of each other. Nietzsche was born into a line of Lutheran ministers including his father and grandfather, and his immersion in Christianity continued when he was enrolled in a boarding school from age 14 to 19 which used to be a Cistercian monastery. Around this time, Nietzsche learned about Hoelderlin’s romantic poetry and Richard Wagner’s music 翻譯公司 both of which would greatly influence his inner development.
When Nietzsche turned 23 he entered military service but suffered an injury which allowed him return to the University of Leipzig where he met Richard Wagner. Nietzsche initially had a powerful friendship with Wagner, calling his relationship with him his “greatest achievement,” and while he still would write about Wagner late into his life (in The Case of Wagner and Nietzsche contra Wagner and elsewhere) they eventually had somewhat of a falling out 翻譯公司 including Nietzsche critiquing Wagner’s sentimentalism in his music. At age 24, Nietzsche was offered the position of a professor of classical philology at the University of Basel. At age 25 he served as a medical attendant during the Franco-Prussian War where he contracted diphtheria and dysentery and saw up close the traumatic effects that battle could induce.
泰勒瑪 翻譯先知，弗里德里希・尼采的平生
“這本書（《律法》）為人類社會劃定了一種全新的二分法；即主人與奴隸；貴族與農奴；‘孤狼’和牛群 翻譯社（‘主人’象徵著勇於冒險與承當責任。‘奴隸’ 翻譯座右銘則是‘平安第一’，所有這一切都不言自明。種族、出生、繁殖這些都很主要，但不是最或不成缺的）（尼采該當被視為是我們的先知之一...）”——《沒有眼淚的魔法》，第48篇
“我們可以用非常簡單的術語來界說白色學院的教義。存在是純潔 翻譯喜悅。悲傷恰好是源於沒有察覺到這一事實；但這並不是大不幸。我們發明了哀痛，不外這不主要，究竟結果人都有擺脫它的興旺滿足感。所以，存在就是一種聖禮。白色學院的智者認為他們的黑色兄弟就像英國的貴族老爺們一樣（在英國仍是一個完全國度的時刻），愚笨蒙昧 翻譯印度教徒也是。尼采直言不諱的說出了這間學院的哲學，那些訓斥生命的不外就是自認為本身不屈等 翻譯人。大膽的人樂於一往無前，老是佈滿歡喜 翻譯社”——《沒有眼淚的魔法》，第7篇
by IAO131 - January 9 翻譯公司 2017
When Nietzsche was 20 he enrolled in the University of Bonn as a student of theology and philology (the study of ancient and classical texts), although he switched to the University of Leipzig to pursue philology more closely. It was here that Nietzsche would come upon Arthur Schopenhauer’s The World as Will and Representation accidentally in a bookstore 翻譯公司 a book that would influence his thinking arguably more than any other.
“Area [or Common] Morality: This is the code of the “Slave-Gods,” very thoroughly analysed, pulverized, and de-loused by Nietzsche in Antichrist. It consists of all the meanest vices 翻譯公司 especially envy, cowardice, cruelty and greed…” —Magick Without Tears, ch.70
Finally 翻譯公司 Crowley also writes about Nietzsche’s knowledge of going beyond opposites:
“We may define the doctrine of the White School in its purity in very simple terms. Existence is pure joy. Sorrow is caused by failure to perceive this fact; but this is not a misfortune. We have invented sorrow, which does not matter so much after all, in order to have the exuberant satisfaction of getting rid of it. Existence is thus a sacrament. Adepts of the White School regard their brethren of the Black very much as the aristocratic English Sahib (of the days when England was a nation) regarded the benighted Hindu. Nietzsche expresses the philosophy of this School to that extent with considerable accuracy and vigour. The man who denounces life merely defines himself as the man who is unequal to it. The brave man rejoices in giving and taking hard knocks, and the brave man is joyous.” —Magick Without Tears 翻譯公司 ch. 7
This either comes from The Gay Science (“We do not belong to those who have ideas only among books, when stimulated by books. It is our habit to think outdoors – walking, leaping 翻譯公司 climbing, dancing, preferably on lonely mountains or near the sea where even the trails become thoughtful. Our first questions about the value of a book, of a human being, or a musical composition are: Can they walk? Even more, can they dance?”) or Ecce Homo (“Sit as little as possible; give no credence to any thought that was not born outdoors while one moved about freely – in which the muscles are not celebrating a feast 翻譯公司 too. All prejudices come from the intestines… The sedentary life – as I have said once before – is the real sin against the holy spirit.”)
“尼采很透辟的窺察到，靈光常常乍現於漫步；對我來說一樣如斯，而且不止一兩次，每當我拖起腳溜達去時，最主要的靈感就會泛起。”——《沒有眼淚的魔法》，第4篇
“Nietzsche was to me almost an avatar of Thoth, the god of wisdom…” —Confessions 翻譯公司 ch.76
尼采在23歲的時刻於服役時代受傷，是以他只得重返萊比錫大學，這也是他結識理查・華格納的契機 翻譯社起先尼采與華格納有著一段竭誠的友情，尼采乃至稱兩人的友情是他“最偉大 翻譯成績”，不外有時他仍會埋怨本身太晚才與華格納了解（見《華格納事務》和其它尼采說起華格納 翻譯處所），但他們的友情沒能細水長流，以致於後來尼采更曾報複華格納的音樂中的感傷主義。尼采在24歲時成為了巴塞爾大學的古典語言學教授，然後他在25歲的時辰於普法戰爭期間擔任醫務兵，而且染上了白喉和痢疾，或許還包孕戰爭引發 翻譯創傷性症候群。
The Life of Friedrich Nietzsche, Prophet of Thelema
“去讀尼采！”——《春分》I:6〈伊達・彭德爾 翻譯考驗〉
最後，克勞利也對尼采的超脫觀表達了看法：
克勞利還寫說，“然而，我用我的威嚴囑咐你：去過著危險 翻譯糊口吧 翻譯社這不恰是弗里德里希・尼采叔叔的話嗎？”（《律法》，第47篇）。“危險的生涯”這話極可能是參考自《歡愉 翻譯科學》（“從生計中收成最大的成果與最極致的享受 翻譯隱秘就是——過上危險 翻譯糊口...”）不外近似的想法在《查拉圖斯特拉如是說》裡也有呈現過。克勞利還曾附和過尼采的進化與權利意志觀：
“Christianity has fallen 翻譯公司 and so Christ has already become the ‘devil’ to such thinkers as Nietzsche and Crowley. — O.M.” –Note in Crowley’s translation of Eliphas Levi’s The Key of the Mysteries
20歲 翻譯尼采以研習神學和說話學（古代與古典文學研究） 翻譯學生身份入讀波恩大學，固然他後來又選擇去萊比錫大學好更專注地攻讀語言學 翻譯社尼采也恰是在此時，有時的在書店裡發現了阿圖爾・叔本華的《作為意志和表象的世界》，這本書對他 翻譯影響絕對要比其它任何著作都來得多。
In the essay of Magick Without Tears when Crowley describes the Three Schools of Magick. He essentially defines the White School by quoting from The Book of the Law and then citing Nietzsche, relating the two closely:
“尼采該當被視為是我們先知之一...”——《沒有眼淚的魔法》，第48頁
In 1889, Nietzsche famously had a mental breakdown when he witnessed a horse being whipped, threw his arms around the horse 翻譯公司 and collapsed. During this time, he was considered insane although his letters reveal a strangely mystical insight, e.g. “Sing me a new song: the world is transfigured and all the heavens are joyous. [signed] The Crucified One” and “I go everywhere in my student coat, now and then slap someone on the back 翻譯公司 and say: siamo contenti? Son dio, ho fatto questa caricatura [“Is everything OK? I am God 翻譯公司 this farce is my creation.”]… [signed] Dionysus”…
“[In 1919] my main idea had been to found a community on the principles of The Book of the Law, to form an archetype of a new society. The main ethical principle is that each human being has his own definite object in life. He has every right to fulfil this purpose 翻譯公司 and none to do anything else. It is the business of the community to help each of its members to achieve this aim; in consequence all rules should be made, and all questions of policy decided 翻譯公司 by the application of this principle to the circumstances. We have thus made a clean sweep of all the rough and ready codes of convention which have characterized past civilizations. Such codes, besides doing injustice to the individual, fail by being based on arbitrary assumptions which are not only false, but insult and damage the moral sense. Their authority rested on definitions of right and wrong which were untenable. As soon as Nietzsche and others demonstrated that fact 翻譯公司 they lost their validity.” —Confessions, chapter 87.
1889年，尼采在目擊了一匹馬被鞭打後便禁不住上前摟抱牠並放聲大哭，隨後尼采的精神便徹底崩潰 翻譯社人們都認為他瘋了，不過他的手劄卻顯現出了某種神秘偏向，例如“我哼著一首新歌：這個世界已經判然不同，天上的一切都歡暢非常，（署名）被釘上十字架的那位”還有“我穿著我的學生外衣雲遊四方，然後我拍了拍一個傢伙 翻譯背向他說道：siamo contenti? Son dio, ho fatto questa caricatura（‘一切都還好嗎？我是天主，這齣鬧劇就是我的佳構 翻譯社’）...（署名）狄奧尼索斯”...
Firstly 翻譯公司 we can see that Aleister Crowley thought very highly of Nietzsche: he not only included as a Gnostic Saint in Liber XV but thought of him as a prophet of the Aeon of Horus. Crowley said of him:
“There is a good deal of the Nietzschean standpoint in this verse. It is the evolutionary and natural view. Of what use is it to perpetuate the misery of Tuberculosis, and such diseases 翻譯公司 as we now do? Nature’s way is to weed out the weak. This is the most merciful way, too. At present all the strong are being damaged, and their progress hindered by the dead weight of the weak limbs and the missing limbs, the diseased limbs and the atrophied limbs. The Christians to the Lions!” –Commentary to Liber AL vel Legis II:21
“It is characteristic of all high spiritual vision that the formulation of any idea is immediately destroyed or canceled out by the arising of the contradictory. Hegel and Nietzsche had glimmerings of the idea, but it is described very fully and simply in the Book of Wisdom or Folly.” —The Book of Thoth
起首，我們可以清楚 翻譯看見克勞利很是讚賞尼采：他不但在《律法》裡視後者為諾斯底派的聖人，並且他還強調尼采正是荷魯斯時代 翻譯先知。克勞利曾這麼說過：
阿萊斯特・克勞利筆下的弗里德里希・尼采
After this Nietzsche traveled around Europe include Nice, Sils-Maria, Leipzig 翻譯公司 Turin, Genoa, Recoaro, Messina, Rapallo, Florence, Venice, and Rome. During this time he wrote many books including Daybreak in 1881 翻譯公司 The Gay Science in 1882 翻譯公司 Thus Spoke Zarathustra from 1883-1885, Beyond Good and Evil in 1886, On the Genealogy of Morals in 1887, and several books in 1888 including The Case of Wagner, Twilight of the Idols, The Antichrist 翻譯公司 Ecce Homo, and Nietzsche Contra Wagner.
Aleister Crowley On Friedrich Nietzsche
Further 翻譯公司 Crowley writes:
從這些引文裡我們不難發現，克勞利不但讀過尼采的著作，乃至可謂深受其影響。他不止甚讚尼采是E.G.C的諾斯底聖人，同時也稱他為泰勒瑪律法 翻譯先知，這可不是一個克勞利會苟且讓出的頭銜 翻譯社
“Read Nietzsche!” –Aleister Crowley
Friedrich Nietzsche is listed as a Gnostic Saint in Liber LII 翻譯公司 which shows he had, at the very least, a profound influence on the thinking of Aleister Crowley. An assortment of references to Nietzsche by Crowley show that he was fairly well-read in Nietzsche’s thought, especially since translations of certain texts did not necessarily come out for a while.
“Nietzsche has well observed that the best thoughts come by walking; and it has happened to me 翻譯公司 more than once or twice, that really important correspondences have come, as by a flashlight, when I was padding the old hoof.” —Magick Without Tears 翻譯公司 ch.4
尼采在泰勒瑪教義裡的立場
尼采在《律法之書》裡被尊奉為諾斯底派的聖人，光是這點就足以表明他一定對阿萊斯特・克勞利的思惟有過深入 翻譯影響。從克勞利說起尼采 翻譯各個段落來看，他應當確切細心揣摩過尼采的思想，特殊是因為有些作品的譯版還未必已上市。
Friedrich Nietzsche was a German philosopher, poet 翻譯公司 and philologist who lived from 1844 to 1900. I will first give a brief biography of this great thinker and then his influence on Aleister Crowley and Thelema will be discussed.
Nietzsche published his first major work at age 27 (in 1871), entitled The Birth of Tragedy 翻譯公司 which was highly praised by Wagner but harshly criticized by various scholars. In 1878, at age 33, Nietzsche published Human, All-Too-Human which essentially ended his friendship with Wagner because of certain characterizations of him (called “the artist” in the book). In 1879 翻譯公司 Nietzsche resigned his professorship at Basel because of health problems.
http://www.thelemicunion.com/aleister-crowley-friedrich-nietzsche/
Crowley mentions Nietzsche when he writes regarding the ethic of Thelema and going beyond good and evil:
Friedrich Nietzsche in Aleister Crowley’s writings
In general, Crowley sympathized with Nietzsche’s assessment of Christianity as ‘slave morality.’ He wrote, “I entirely agree with Nietzsche that Christianity is the formula of the servile state; true aristocracy and true democracy are equally its enemies. In my ideal state everyone is respected for what he is. There will always be slaves 翻譯公司 and the slave is to be defined as he who acquiesces in being a slave” (Confessions, ch.60). He also writes:
“基督教已步入傍晚，所以對象是尼采和克勞利這樣的思惟家而言，基督已經逐步無異於‘魔鬼’。——O.M.”——克勞利對埃利法斯・利維 翻譯《神秘學之鑰》 翻譯翻譯筆記
按照克勞利對尼采的認識，我們至少可以猜想他應該讀過《歡愉 翻譯科學》，《善惡的彼端》和《反基督者》。像他就有在這面的引文裡提到《反基督者》，並且他在《律法》LXV V:37的注釋裡也提到了《善惡的彼端》，“噢，這是超脫在馬茲達和哈里曼以外 翻譯境界！為這個時代的你們獻上祝願，”他寫道：“在波斯神學裡，有所謂的善與惡之原則，尼采也是；而且這在我們的教義裡也多有表達 翻譯社”
阿萊斯特・克勞利對弗里德里希・尼采 翻譯看法
之後尼采起頭遊歷歐洲，他造訪過的處所包括尼斯、錫爾斯-瑪麗亞、萊比錫、都靈、熱那亞、雷科阿羅、墨西拿、拉帕洛、佛羅倫薩、威尼斯以及羅馬。他在這段時代亦筆耕不輟，例如1881年有《朝霞》、1882年的《歡愉的科學》、1883-1885年有《查拉圖斯特拉如是說》、1886年的《善惡的彼端》、1887年《道德譜系學》，然後他在1888年又接連揭橥了《華格納事宜》、《偶像 翻譯黃昏》、《反基督者》、《瞧！這小我》還有《尼采否決華格納》 翻譯社
1844年10月15日，弗里德里希・尼采誕生於德國萊比錫附近的洛肯呂岑鎮。尼采5歲的時刻，他 翻譯父親和弟弟在六個月內接踵死。尼采一家都信仰路德派，包括他的父親和祖父，而他本人也相當鍾情於基督教，他在14-19歲時代就讀的寄宿黉舍之前就是一間基督教修道院。尼采也是在這個時候接觸了荷爾德林的浪漫詩歌與理查・華格納的音樂，這二者也都對他的自我成長產生了極大的影響。
或許這段話是借鑒自《康樂》（“我們其實不屬於那些只能從書裡得到靈感的人。我們習慣在戶外思慮——無論是散步、跳躍、攀緣、舞蹈，最好是在孤苦的山上或接近海的處所，在那裡即便是一條小徑也能令你大有啟發 翻譯社面臨一本書 翻譯價值黑白，我們的第一問題是：它們可以走嗎？或它們可以舞蹈嗎？”）或《瞧！》（“盡可能少坐；要知道，當一小我還能自由走動時，他所有 翻譯思惟都是降生於戶外——此中就連肌肉也不是在為盛宴慶祝。所有的偏見都源於腸子...久坐的生涯——正如我之前所說——這是對聖靈 翻譯真正褻瀆 翻譯社”）
“這個時期（或遍及）的道德：那就是‘奴隸神’的記號，已被尼采在《反基督者》裡進行過了一番完全剖析與粉碎。它涵蓋了所有最卑劣 翻譯惡習，特別是妒忌、脆弱、殘忍還有貪心...”——《沒有眼淚的魔法》，第70篇
“Nietzsche may be regarded as one of our prophets…” —Magick Without Tears 翻譯公司 ch.48
From Crowley’s knowledge of Nietzsche, we can guess that he read at least The Gay Science, Beyond Good and Evil, and The Antichrist. He mentioned Antichrist by name in the above quotation, and essentially mentions Beyond Good and Evil in the following commentary to Liber LXV V:37 翻譯公司 “O ye that are beyond Aormuzdi and Ahrimanes! blessèd are ye unto the ages:” He comments: “In Persian Theology, the principles of Good and Evil. Cf. Nietzsche; and in our own doctrine, expressed in many ways in many places.”
Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law.
From these quotations it should be apparent that Crowley not only knew Nietzsche’s writings fairly well for his time but was greatly influenced by them. He hailed Nietzsche not only as a Gnostic Saint of the E.G.C. but also a prophet of the Law of Thelema, a title Crowley did not throw around lightly.
克勞利也曾在論及泰勒瑪 翻譯理論和超脫善惡 翻譯理念時提到尼采：
順行你的意志所為就是律法 翻譯社
“任何一種思惟都邑因為矛盾而蒙受立即毀壞或抵消，這就是所有高度靈性的視野 翻譯特徵 翻譯社黑格爾和尼采都隱約看見了這個設法主意，不外它在《聰明》或說《愚昧之書》裡有更加完全且簡單的表述。”——《透特之書》
克勞利繼續寫道：
尼采在27歲（1871）那年出版了他的第一部著作《悲劇的降生》，華格納對高度讚賞這部作品，但其他學者卻予以嚴厲攻讦。到了1878年，33歲 翻譯尼采又出書了《人道 翻譯，太人道的》一書，這本書根基上就宣佈了他與華格納 翻譯破裂，因為他已沒法再忍耐後者的有些傾向（他在書裡稱之為“藝術家”）。1879年，尼采因為健康問題詞去了巴塞爾大學 翻譯教職。
“…kindness and conscientiousness and altruism are really drawbacks to the progress of humanity. As Nietzsche said this, and I too agree with him 翻譯公司 there is little more to be said.” —Liber 888
“...良善，責任心還有利他主義都是人類前進的絆腳石。誠如尼采所言，我十分贊成他 翻譯說法，沒有什麼好在增補的。”——《律法》888
“（1919年），我鼓起了想要按照《律法之書》的原則成立一個集團的動機，好開闢一個嶄新社會的根本。其中最首要 翻譯倫理原則就是，每一個人在平生中都該找到本身的明確方針，並且他完全有權去實現這個目的 翻譯社這個集體的主旨就是要幫助每個成員實現他們 翻譯方針；因為應當制定出規則，然後所有政策疑問都該憑據這個原則來安排 翻譯社正因如此，我們決意將代表曩昔文明的一切都一網打盡。這些東西，除了是對小我 翻譯不公之外，也是基於果斷假定而肇的失敗，這不單單是謊言罷了了。他們的權勢巨子取決於對長短對錯 翻譯界說，難以成立。一旦尼采及其他人都證實了這點，他們便落空了正當性 翻譯社”——《自白》，第87篇。
總的來說，克勞利非常認同尼采說基督教就是“奴隸道德” 翻譯表現這話。克勞利寫道，“我完全贊成尼采，基督教是奴隸國度的方法；真正的貴族與真實的民主一樣是其敵人。在我 翻譯理想國裡，每一個人都有遭到尊敬的權力 翻譯社奴隸總是存在，所謂的奴隸就是那種默許自己淪為奴隸的人。”（《自白》，第60篇） 翻譯社他還說：
“這節經文裡有許多與尼采附近的概念。它是關於進化與天然的概念 翻譯社我們目下當今所做的不就是在延續肺結核，諸如斯類 翻譯疾病的痛苦嗎？天然的行事氣概就是物競天擇，這就是最善良的體例。當前所有的強者都受傷了，他們 翻譯前進因為弱肢和缺肢而變得滯礙難行，病變又萎縮的肢體阻礙著他們。把基督徒丟去餵獅吧！”——對《律法》vel Legis II:21 翻譯注釋
弗里德里希・尼采是一位德國哲學家，詩人和說話學家，生涯於1844-1900年間。我將先從簡短介紹這位偉大思惟家 翻譯一生起頭，接著再來探討他對阿萊斯特・克勞利和泰勒瑪的影響。
Crowley also writes 翻譯公司 “Yet this I charge thee with my Might: Live Dangerously. Was not this the Word of thine Uncle Friedrich Nietzsche?” (Liber Aleph, ch.47). This mention of “live dangerously” is most likely a reference to The Gay Science (“the secret for harvesting from existence the greatest fruitfulness and the greatest enjoyment is – to live dangerously … “) although similar lines appear in Thus Spake Zarathustra. Crowley echoes Nietzsche’s ideas about evolution and the will-to-power when he writes:
來自: http://blog.xuite.net/kesaite/blog/481151433有關翻譯的問題歡迎諮詢萬國翻譯社
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